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India ,Maldives 

In a recent announcement, President Mohamed Muizzu of the Maldives disclosed the departure of the second group of Indian military personnel from the country. The withdrawal, carried out under a bilateral agreement with India, signifies a notable development in the ongoing dynamics between the two nations.

Speaking during a campaign event for ruling party candidates ahead of the parliamentary elections, President Muizzu confirmed the departure of the second team of Indian military personnel on April 9. This follows the earlier withdrawal of the first group, highlighting the gradual transition outlined in the bilateral agreement.

The agreement, aimed at replacing Indian military personnel with trained civilians from India, encompasses the oversight of military aircraft gifted to the Maldives. President Muizzu, known for his pro-China stance, reiterated his commitment to removing Indian soldiers from the island nation, emphasizing the fulfillment of his pledge before May 10.

The precise details regarding the replacement process, particularly whether Indian soldiers have been substituted by Indian civilians, remain undisclosed. Neither the Maldives Defense Ministry nor Indian authorities have commented on the recent withdrawal.

According to the Maldives government, a total of 88 Indian soldiers were stationed in the country, primarily involved in operating helicopters in Addu and Laamu Kadhdhoo, as well as a Dornier aircraft in Hanimaadhoo. Additionally, Indian doctors were stationed at the Senahiya military hospital.

The departure of the first group of Indian soldiers on March 11 saw their replacement with Indian civilians, marking a significant transition in military operations. India's commitment to replacing the aging helicopter in Addu with a new one further underscores the cooperative efforts outlined in the agreement.

The evolving relationship between Maldives and India has seen strains since President Muizzu assumed power in November. Concurrently, closer ties with China have been pursued, evident in Muizzu's visit to China in January and subsequent agreements signed between the two nations, including defense cooperation and infrastructure development projects.

While the withdrawal of Indian military personnel reflects a shift in geopolitical dynamics, the Maldives remains a key maritime neighbor for India in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). Initiatives such as 'SAGAR' (Security and Growth for All in the Region) and the 'Neighborhood First Policy' underscore India's commitment to fostering regional cooperation and security.

In conclusion, the withdrawal of Indian military personnel from the Maldives underlines the evolving geopolitical landscape in the region. As the transition progresses, both nations will navigate their strategic interests while seeking to maintain stability and cooperation in the Indian Ocean.