India’s AMCA Fighter Could Join IAF by 2033 as High-Level Panel Pushes for Early Induction

A high-level committee is actively exploring ways to accelerate the induction of India’s indigenous Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) into the Indian Air Force (IAF), with the first batch of 40 AMCA Mk1 fighters potentially arriving as early as 2033—two years ahead of the initial 2035 target.

Chaired by Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh, the committee includes key figures such as IAF Vice Chief Air Marshal S.P. Dharkar, Secretary (Defence Production) Sanjeev Kumar, and senior officials from the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and the Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA). Their upcoming report is expected to outline a roadmap for expediting AMCA’s development and deployment, reinforcing India’s strategic airpower.

The AMCA program follows a phased approach, with two variants in development: the Mk1 and the more advanced Mk2. The AMCA Mk1 will be powered by the General Electric F414 engine—the same engine designated for the Tejas Mk2—allowing for faster production and operational readiness. The AMCA Mk2, slated for later induction, will incorporate a more powerful 110kN thrust-class engine currently under development, potentially in collaboration with international players like Safran and Rolls-Royce.

The committee is considering an initial order of 40 AMCA Mk1 aircraft, contingent on successful trials of five prototypes. These prototypes are undergoing various stages of design and development, with extensive testing scheduled to conclude by late 2031 or early 2032. The trials will rigorously assess stealth capabilities, avionics, radar systems, and weapon integration to ensure the aircraft meets the IAF’s operational requirements.

If the proposed timeline holds, the IAF could start receiving its first AMCA Mk1 fighters by 2033. This early induction would not only enhance combat readiness but also offer valuable operational experience ahead of the transition to the AMCA Mk2. Despite relying on the F414 engine, the AMCA Mk1 will feature critical fifth-generation technologies, including stealth characteristics, an internal weapons bay for reduced radar signature, an advanced Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar, and cutting-edge situational awareness systems. These upgrades will provide the IAF with a significant edge over its current fleet, including the Sukhoi Su-30MKI and Dassault Rafale.

However, challenges remain. Developing a fifth-generation fighter demands seamless integration of advanced technologies, rigorous prototype testing, and a robust supply chain for critical components. The indigenous 110kN engine for the AMCA Mk2 is also a crucial factor, with potential international collaborations still under discussion. Delays in testing or technology transfer agreements could impact the ambitious timeline.

If successfully implemented, the early induction of the AMCA Mk1 would mark a significant milestone for India’s defence industry, showcasing self-reliance in military aviation—a key objective of the "Atmanirbhar Bharat" initiative. The AMCA’s stealth capabilities and advanced systems would greatly enhance the IAF’s ability to operate in contested airspace, execute precision strikes, and maintain air superiority in an evolving threat environment.