Evolution of India Mobile Networking System

Technology News - The Prime Minister has recently revealed a visionary roadmap for the implementation of 6G communications technology in India by 2030, aptly titled "Bharat 6G." This forward-looking plan has been meticulously crafted by the Technology Innovation Group on 6G (TIG-6G), a body established by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT).

The Evolution of Mobile Networks in India

1G: Pioneering Voice Calls in the 1980s

• 1G marks the inception of wireless cellular technology, facilitating communication between compatible devices via a wireless network. Operating on an analog system, 1G initially supported voice calls with subpar quality due to interference. Moreover, it was confined to fixed areas, lacking roaming capabilities.

2G: Advancements in Telephony Services

• The analog system gave way to a more sophisticated digital technology known as the Global System for Mobile communication (GSM).
  
• With a digital foundation, 2G improved voice call quality and introduced data services like Short Message Service (SMS) and Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS).
• Additionally, 2G introduced mobile network roaming, enabling users to make and receive calls, as well as send texts and multimedia content on the move.
  

3G: The Age of Applications

• The third generation of mobile networks ushered in high-speed internet services, laying the groundwork for smartphones and application ecosystems.
• While 3G facilitated mobile television, online radio, and emails on phones, its defining features included video calling and mobile phone applications.
  

4G: Internet Calling Takes Center Stage

• Building upon the foundation of 3G, 4G currently dominates the mobile network landscape.
  
• Leveraging the LTE (Long Term Evolution) system, 4G significantly improved data rates and enabled simultaneous transmission of voice and data.
• Notably, Internet calling, or VoLTE (Voice over LTE), stands out as one of the key advantages of the 4G mobile network.
  
  

5G: IoT and Enterprise Revolution

• The low latency and high throughput of the 5G network make it ideal for enterprise applications, particularly in automation and connected ecosystems.
• Operating in the millimeter-wave spectrum (30-300 GHz), 5G can transmit large amounts of data at exceptionally high speeds, experiencing minimal interference from surrounding signals.
  

6G: Paving the Way for a Connected Ecosystem

• Heralded as a driving force for scaling up 5G use cases, 6G aims to optimize and reduce costs, particularly at the enterprise level.
• India is eyeing the end of 2023 or early 2024 for the launch of 6G services, leveraging domestically developed infrastructure to propel the nation into a new era of connectivity and innovation.