Croatia Send M-84 Main Battle Tanks and M-80 Tracked Infantry Fighting Vehicles to Ukraine
In a significant move to support Ukraine amidst the ongoing conflict with Russia, Croatia has announced a substantial military aid package consisting of Yugoslav-era military vehicles. This contribution is part of a broader effort to fortify Ukraine’s defensive capabilities while simultaneously modernizing Croatia's own armed forces.
The aid package, valued at approximately 144.8 million euros ($152.8 million), includes M-84 main battle tanks and M-80 tracked infantry fighting vehicles. Though the exact numbers have not been confirmed in recent statements, earlier reports from October 2023 suggested the transfer of around 30 tanks and 30 combat vehicles, alongside necessary spare parts and munitions.
Military Hardware From Croatia to Ukraine
The M-84 main battle tank, an upgraded version of the Soviet T-72, entered service in the 1980s and became a critical asset during the Yugoslav Wars. This 7-meter-long tank boasts a 125mm smoothbore cannon and is capable of a top speed of 68 kilometers per hour (42 mph) thanks to its robust 1,000-horsepower V-46 diesel engine. With a combat range of 700 kilometers (435 miles), it provides both mobility and firepower, making it a formidable asset on the battlefield.
The M-80 infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) is another vital component of the aid package. Introduced during the Cold War, the M-80 has been a versatile presence in various conflicts, including the Yugoslav Wars and even tensions surrounding Russia’s annexation of Crimea. This IFV is equipped with a 20mm automatic cannon and can launch anti-tank guided missiles, providing significant fire support for infantry units. Its top speed reaches 65 kilometers per hour (40 mph), powered by a 320-horsepower Daimler-Benz engine, and it has an operational range of 500 kilometers (311 miles).
A Modernization Trade-Off
One unique aspect of this military aid deal is how it ties into Croatia’s defense modernization. By sending these older Yugoslavian vehicles to Ukraine, Croatia can make room for more advanced equipment. Specifically, the Croatian government is eyeing a purchase of German Leopard 2A8 main battle tanks. A deal has been struck with Germany, which includes financial compensation for the value of the vehicles dispatched to Ukraine, effectively subsidizing Croatia’s acquisition of the Leopard tanks.
Croatian Defense Minister Ivan Anušić emphasized that the transition would be mutually beneficial. Germany will pay compensation into Croatia's state budget, with plans to fulfill the financial aspect of this arrangement by November 2024. This compensation mechanism reflects a strategic approach where military aid doubles as a modernization opportunity for Croatia's armed forces.
Continued Support for Ukraine
The Croatian government’s decision to send military aid is grounded in historical and emotional solidarity with Ukraine. Anušić underscored this connection, pointing out that Ukraine was among the first nations to recognize Croatia’s independence in 1991, a gesture Croatia has not forgotten. "We don’t forget that and never will," Anušić said, reaffirming Zagreb's unwavering commitment to supporting Ukraine's struggle for sovereignty and democracy.
This recent move aligns with Croatia’s consistent support for Ukraine, which has already included over 200 million euros in military assistance since the start of Russia's invasion. As the conflict drags on, countries like Croatia are making strategic choices that not only aid Ukraine but also reinforce their own national defense priorities, showcasing a blend of solidarity and pragmatic defense policy.
