Chinese CSSC Unveils Latest Model of JARI-USV-A Unmanned Surface Vehicle

At NAVDEX 2025, China State Shipbuilding Corporation (CSSC) showcased the latest version of its JARI-USV-A, an advanced unmanned surface vehicle (USV) also referred to as "Orca" due to its resemblance to the killer whale. While earlier models of this USV had been displayed at previous exhibitions, the latest iteration now closely matches the real vessel built at Guangzhou Shipyard International (GSI), which is currently undergoing trials.

The JARI-USV-A adopts a trimaran design, a feature that enhances its stability and hydrodynamic efficiency. This configuration allows for reduced water resistance, resulting in increased speed and range. The model on display indicated a displacement of 300 tonnes, though earlier reports suggested 420 tonnes, hinting at possible variations in configurations. The vessel measures 58 meters in length, has a beam of 23 meters, and a draft of 2 meters. It can reach speeds of up to 40 knots and has an impressive cruising range of 4,000 nautical miles. Despite its primary function as an autonomous vessel, it includes a bridge for human operation when necessary.

Designed for coastal defense and operations in the Taiwan Strait, the JARI-USV-A’s shallow draft gives it an operational advantage over traditional single-hull warships. The trimaran's structure allows it to navigate coastal areas and confined waters with greater maneuverability.

A key feature of the JARI-USV-A is its integrated mast, which houses an advanced AESA radar suite along with additional space for electronic warfare systems. Located in front of the mast is a vertical launch system (VLS) for guided missiles. The displayed model featured a 12-cell VLS, though the real-world version currently has only four installed. The vessel is also equipped with a remotely controlled weapon system (RCWS) on the bow, which can be retracted into the hull when not in use. While details about the caliber remain unknown, it is speculated to be a 30mm or larger rapid-fire cannon capable of engaging both surface and aerial threats.

At the stern, the JARI-USV-A features a landing pad for unmanned helicopters. These VTOL UAVs can support reconnaissance missions and anti-submarine warfare, deploying sonobuoys or light torpedoes when required. The vessel may also function as a relay in a network-centric combat system, transmitting enemy position data to attack drones for coordinated strikes.

As of now, there is no confirmation regarding the PLA Navy’s official adoption of the JARI-USV-A, as trials and potential system upgrades are still ongoing. However, its sheer size and advanced capabilities raise debates among defense analysts. Some experts question the practicality of such large unmanned ships, arguing that smaller, more specialized drones might offer better stealth, lower costs, and faster production cycles. Whether China will mass-produce the JARI-USV-A or refine its drone warfare strategy remains to be seen, but its presence signals a major shift in naval warfare capabilities.