China Carves Into Bhutan With Outposts, Villages Despite Talks

Defense News - Continuing despite ongoing border negotiations between Bhutan and China, unsanctioned construction activities persist in North Bhutan Jakarlung Valley, as revealed by recently released, highly detailed satellite images. The unprecedented scale of development, including residential quarters and military infrastructure, signifies China assertive territorial ambitions in an area with cultural and religious significance to Bhutan.

Professor Robert Barnett, an expert on Tibetan history, underscores China dubious claim based on recent grazing practices, followed by unilateral occupation and settlement. This strategic move places Bhutan in a vulnerable position, given the cultural importance of Jakarlung and limited options for a response.

The images depict China rapid expansion over two years, emphasizing that these developments are not isolated outposts but part of a comprehensive ecosystem supporting China territorial goals and contributing to the Sinicisation of Bhutan landscape. Damien Symon, an expert on Chinese intrusions, highlights the significance of this activity in the broader context of Bhutan-China relations.

Bhutan efforts to strengthen ties with China have not deterred the latter encroachments. Despite recent diplomatic engagements, such as Foreign Minister Tandi Dorji visit to Beijing, Bhutan faces a complex situation. Prime Minister Lotay Tshering statement, expressing hope for a clear delineation between Bhutan and China, underscores the urgency of resolving the border issue.

Notably, Tshering does not rule out the possibility of a land swap, a potential compromise that could involve exchanging territory, including Jakarlung, for China relinquishment of the Doklam plateau. Bhutan King Jigme Khesar Nangyel Wangchuk visit to India in November for border negotiations adds another layer of complexity to the ongoing discussions.

The historical context is crucial, as China actions in Jakarlung violate a 1998 agreement with Bhutan not to alter the status quo in disputed areas. India, traditionally a guarantor of Bhutan security, expresses concerns over China expansion, especially in the Amu Chu river valley near the Doklam plateau. China incremental territorial approach, described as "salami-slicing," raises alarms in New Delhi, particularly regarding the Siliguri Corridor proximity.

In contrast to previous confrontations, Bhutan lacks the capacity to resist China encroachments actively. This situation prompts fears of a potential geo-strategic realignment, with Bhutan shifting towards China influence. New Delhi faces a challenging dilemma, as the evolving dynamics may necessitate a new security agreement between India and Bhutan to address the changing geopolitical landscape in the region.