China's Aerospace Giant Aims for Reusable Rocket Milestones in 2025 and 2026

Space News ,China :-  China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) is set to conduct test flights for two groundbreaking reusable rockets, each boasting a substantial diameter, within the next few years. Despite ongoing efforts in commercial reusability, CASC is pushing the boundaries of space exploration with plans to launch a four-meter-diameter rocket in 2025, followed by a five-meter-diameter counterpart in 2026, as revealed by Wang Wei, a deputy to the National People’s Congress, to China News Service on March 4.

The specifics of the two rockets are not explicitly detailed in the reports, but CASC is known to be working on a 5.0-meter-diameter crew launch vehicle named Long March 10. This vehicle, set to potentially embark on its maiden flight in 2025, holds paramount importance in China's ambitious goal to land astronauts on the moon by 2030. With a 92-meter lunar variant capable of launching 27 tons into trans-lunar orbit, the Long March 10 is pivotal to lunar exploration endeavors.

In parallel, a 4.0-meter-diameter launcher, possibly the one proposed earlier by CASC's Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST), is anticipated to have the capacity to launch up to 6,500 kg of payload to a 700-kilometer sun-synchronous orbit (SSO). Utilizing engines developed by Jiuzhou Yunjian, this launcher signifies a significant leap in China's space capabilities.

CASC's initial venture into reusable rockets was focused on creating a recoverable version of the Long March 8, but this plan seems to have been abandoned. Additionally, SAST plans to introduce the 3.8-meter-diameter Long March 12 later this year from a new commercial launch site, adding to China's expanding space launch capabilities.

While the Long March 10 serves distinct purposes in lunar and human spaceflight, the second reusable rocket indicates a potential overlap with China's commercial rocket companies. This seeming redundancy aligns with a broader national strategy to foster reusable rocket technology and support burgeoning commercial ecosystems, offering increased launch options and facilitating the construction of planned low Earth orbit megaconstellations.

Wang Wei emphasized CASC's commitment to propelling China's commercial space industry forward, leveraging its comprehensive industrial chain, technological prowess, and infrastructure advantages. The corporation also aims to enhance openness, sharing large-scale test facilities, participating in commercial launch site construction, and providing crucial infrastructure to support commercial launches.

Rong Yi, associated with the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT) under CASC, highlighted the steady progress in China's reusable rocket development. Overcoming key technological hurdles and achieving smooth overall progress, CASC is actively adapting its products for the commercial space market. The report also revealed advancements in reusable launch vehicle technology and the development of the YF-209 methane-liquid oxygen reusable engine for commercial use.

Several Chinese commercial rocket companies, including Landspace, Space Pioneer, Galactic Energy, and iSpace, are already conducting small-scale hop tests, marking initial steps toward larger, reusable launch vehicles set to debut in the near future. Deep Blue Aerospace is also poised to make its first orbital launch and recovery attempt later this year, adding to the dynamic landscape of China's evolving space exploration efforts.